Dulce Et Decorum Est Commentary

Dulce Et Decorum Est Commentary Dulce et decorum est is a famous anti-war poet written by Wilfred Owen in 1917, during the WWI. It portrays war as a brutal and dehumanizing experience by utilizing a number of horrific, gruesome imageries effectively. This poem is based on a quotation from a Latin poem, Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori, which means It is sweet and proper to die for ones country. However, there is absolutely nothing in the actual poem that is sweet, nor is there any description that associates directly to its title. The poem is ironically dedicated to Jessie Pope, a childrens book writer and a poet known to write poems that deliver patriotic messages. It also objurgates the media that propagated the innocent soldiers for attempting ignoble political maneuvers, and also those who glorify war without any just purpose. The poem can be divided roughly into three sections: the soldiers leaving the battlefield; a scenery of the soldiers suffering from an unexpected gas attack; and a blistering critici sm against those who glorifies these soldiers. The first stanza describes how the soldiers are mentally and physically distressed from the brutal and horrifying experiences of war. It mainly focuses on the discomforts and grieves of the soldiers who are in desperate need of medical supplies and attention. Wilfred Owen draws a sharp contrast between these old war-stricken soldiers described as Old beggars under sacks and the glorious and virile images people tend to have against soldiers. This stanza clearly highlights the fact that they are NOT marching towards the battlefield with patriotic spirit, but instead trudging exhaustingly like Hags who are completely worn out and mutated. They march by putting forth all the little strength left in them and walking Knock-kneed so that they can at least keep on moving forward. Many have lost their boots from cursing through sludge, and in retreat from warfare, many drag their feet, shod in their own blood with desperate need of recovery from the accumulated fatigue. The poem consist a number of 28 lines, and has a convectional rhyming structure. It uses full rhymes such as sack and back, sludge and trudge, boots and hoots, and so on. The rhyme scheme is in alternative groups of four, ABAB CDCD EFEF GHGH IJIJ KLKL MNMN. However, the stanzas are broken up irregularly into 8, 6, 2, 12 lines, and are not presented as quatrains.   In the first section, with a stanza of 8 lines, an octave which basically explains the environmental conditions and the deplorable situations the soldiers are in, and one of six, a sestet,, it can be assumed to be an Petrarchan sonnet, although it is not tenacious to the classical form since Wilfred Owen does not seem to strictly adhere to the actual rhyme scheme. The poem starts off with an slow pace, creating an ambience of dismay and dejection by utilizing words such as Sludge and Trudge. Owens illustrative use of imagery here allows us to picture and understand the poor environmental and physical conditions they are in. It shows how the soldiers are not merely tired, but that they are coming close to losing all the hopes they may have had for their bright future. A very good use of simile can be seen in the first verse where the soldiers are described to be old, crippled reprobates, who are Bent double, like old beggars under sacks / knock need, coughing like hags, even though many must have been very young. By saying so, Owen effectively breaks the widely accepted image of soldiers being brave, patriotic and highly motivated. Another intriguing term that deserves a mention here is Distant rest which can be interpreted in two ways: one interpretation may simply mean to have a long-awaited rest to recover from exhaustion, but it also implic itly refers to Rest In Peace as a destiny for many engaged in war. The second stanza prompts the readers to an abrupt alarm of danger. Gas, GAS! Quick, boys! Just as the boys were heading for a peace of mind by retreating from the front line, gas shells drop beside them. As soon as they hear the warning, the soldiers begin to hastily wear their Clumsy helmets to save their own lives in ecstasy of fumbling. Terrible and shocking images of the gas attack are highlighted by focusing on the unfortunate one who does not get to wear the mask in time and is slowly but surely poisoned to death. The notion of lung burning And floundering like a man on fire or lime creates a terrifying image of the man writhing and suffering from the symptoms of intoxication. The poem consist a number of 28 lines, and has a convectional rhyming structure. It uses full rhymes such as sack and back, sludge and trudge, boots and hoots, and so on. The rhyme scheme is in alternative groups of four, ABAB CDCD EFEF GHGH IJIJ KLKL MNMN. However, the stanzas are broken up irregularly into 8, 6, 2, 12 lines, and are not presented as quatrains. In the first section, with a stanza of 8 lines, an octave which basically explains the environmental conditions and the deplorable situations the soldiers are in, and one of six, a sestet,, it can be assumed to be an Petrarchan sonnet, although it is not tenacious to the classical form since Wilfred Owen does not seem to strictly adhere to the actual rhyme scheme. Owen again makes uses of similes to describe the affect the gas attack is making to the man. And floundering like a man n fire or lime. Also capital letters and exclamation marks are utilized as accents to emphasize the sense of urgency and panic, and to make the image even more graphical. GAS! Gas! Quick, boys! An ecstasy of fumbling. He deliberately uses the word ecstasy, which usually means to be rapturous, to dramatize the overflowing sense of panic and fear the soldiers are in. Owen applies words such as floundering, clumsy and stumbling not only to pace up the poem, but to communicate the sense of emergency, and the chaotic turmoil the soldiers find themselves in. However, then there is a sudden slowing down of pace led by the daunting imagery of fatal silence prevailing over the soldiers drowningà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦under the green sea of poisonous gas. Also, there is a use of double entente seen here Dim, through the misty panes and thick green light / As under a green sea, I saw him drowning. Not only does the imagery of the green sea imply the luminous gas misting in the air, but it also portrays the view the soldiers see through the dim lenses of their gas masks. The ones who are protectively accoutered in mask passively observe the life of the unprotected relentlessly fading away The two lines In all my dreams before my helpless sight and He plunges at me, guttering, chocking, drowning are thoughtfully separated to show all those who believe blindly that war in reality is not about brevity or winning or for anyones country but is simply about survival and an desperate escape from an overwhelming fear of becoming crippled both physically and mentally. Owen continues to utilize metaphors linked to sleep walking, dreams and nightmares, to assert how terrible, and relentless the returning image given is. The helpless sight indicated here is describing the guilt feeling of how the speaker I is unable to help the gas-poisoned comrade. He enumerates continuously a number of verbs to accentuate the immediacy of the section, and to reiterate the unimaginable suffering of the comrade as he drowns deep in the green sea. And at last, for the last stanza, Owen describes the soldiers death mask as a devils sick of sin, to implicate that an once innocent youth has fallen into the pitfall of hell. The last four lines here are very ironic and cynical, as if they are Wilfred Owens own words. The poem ends with an asseveration that Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori, is a complete lie, In the last verse, Owen, for the first time, employs the second person you to directly address us readers in an attempt to wake us up to see the ugly reality of war that he unveils. In the phrase Of vile, incurable sores on innocent tongues, Owen reminds the readers that these soldiers in the battlefield were also once the children ardent for some desperate glory, who were brainwashed to sacrifice their lives in such a pitifully poor environment. In the last lines, his anger, ill feeling and strong sense of denunciation towards the absurdity of war are vividly expressed in a manner that is highly convincing to the readers n ot to let the old lie be passed on unnoticed to the next generation. My friend, you would not tell with such high zest / To children ardent for some desperate glory In the last sentence, Wilfred Owen purposely does not apply the use of iambic meter, as if there is no meaning, or no point in making an effort to place the words within the proper metrical structure, to emphasize his anger and sense of distrust towards the old lie in the most straightforward manner. Although the pace is still speedy, the word choices here become forthright and very striking, as if to emulate a war reporter with a doomed eye uttering whatever comes up in his mind out of desperation. In this stanza, he graphically pictures the dreadful images of a man tormented by the gas attack, giving revolting descriptions related to body parts, which are horrifying and visually disturbing. And watch the white eyes writhing in his face / blood gargling from the froth-corrupted lungs. I assume the phrase is intended to stir the readers emotions as powerfully and shockingly as possible, by meaningfully describing the facial appearance of a soldier, who is normally stereotyped as a handsome and virile youth, deform into an gruesomely dehumanized face, as a result of the poisonous gas he could not help inhaling. What we observe from the poem is that Wilfred Owen has been successful in employing various literary devices, to create the ghastly and horrifying images of the war. He implicates that war is brutal and vile, and completely contradicts the idea of how sweet and proper it is to die for ones country. He overall gives a very steady progression in the poem, in despite of the frightful imageries of the soldier suffering from the plaguing gas attack. In addition, Wilfred Owen makes use of irony to criticize not only Jessie Pope, but to all those people who believe warfare to be honoring and splendiferous tradition.  ­

The Geology of Seattle

The Geology of Seattle Seattle is located in the state of Washington in the Pacific Northwest. Seattle is metropolitan and has a population of nearly 3. 5 million. Seattle’s climate changes from wet and cold during the winter months to dry and hot during the summer months. The coast of Seattle is responsible for the growth of its economy, due to the large number of commercial ports. Seattle is in the destructive range of several volcanos within Washington, most prominently, Mt. Rainier. Topography Seattle is surrounded by large bodies of water and mountainous terrain.The city itself lies on top of several hills, which include; Capitol Hill, Second Hill, Denny Hill, Beacon Hill, and Queen Anne Hill. From the center of Seattle you can find shoreline to the north, Bainbridge Island to the north-west, The Puget Sound to the west, Vashon Island to the south-west, Tukwila to the south, Renton to the south-east, Lake Mercer to the East, and Lake Forest Park to the north-east. Past th e Puget Sound lie the Olympic Mountains. Seattle owes its specific structure due to glacial scouring and deposition and tectonic activity, subsequently modified by landsliding, stream erosion and deposition, and human activity.Geological hazards Seattle is threatened by several geological hazards, such as earthquakes, flooding, volcanos and landslides and shore erosion. Perhaps one of the most prominent hazards to Seattle is the Massive volcano, MT. Rainier, which lies 54 miles southeast of Seattle. MT. Rainier stands at an elevation of 14,411  feet and is very topographically prominent. Rainier is considered one of the world’s most dangerous volcanos. The composition of Rainier is very andesitic and upon it eruption could cause a violent explosion.The glacial ice that sits atop the mountain can also cause massive lahars that could cause major damage to Seattle’s infrastructure as well as its economy. Although MT. Rainier displays no signs of imminent eruption, it ha s gone through several major eruptions in the past 3000 years. These eruptions include the Twin Creek eruptive episode 1,500 years ago, the Fryingpan Creek eruptive period 1000 year ago, the Electron Mudflow 500 years ago, and several small eruption plumes in the 1800’s which caused black smoke to be seen to the early pioneers of the area.It is projected that the potential damage to Seattle and the surrounding area would be catastrophic if MT. Rainer were to erupt. Geoff Clayton, a geologist working for a company called RH2 Engineering, was asked by Seattle Weekly to estimate the damages to the Settle area. By using a computer program, he reached a conclusion that the result of Mt. Rainer spawning lahars would be a devastating natural disaster. Clayton then quoted that,† Before approaching Seattle, a lahar, he says, would have â€Å"wiped out Enumclaw, Kent, Auburn, and most of Renton, if not all of it. Clayton went on to say that if such a massive lahar could potentia lly cause tsunamis in Lake Washington and the Puget Sound, effectively flooding the port of Seattle. It is needless to say that if Seattle were to lose its commercial ports, the economic consequences would be dire. Another geological hazard that presents itself in Seattle is the risk of Earthquakes. Seattle lies within the ring of fire and is at risk of experiencing a crippling earthquake. The Seattle area has experienced several significant earthquakes in the past.The most recent notable quake was in February 28, 2001 when a magnitude 6. 8 earthquake ravaged Pioneer Square. The quake caused significant property damage but no fatalities. More powerful earthquakes have occurred farther in the past. On  January 26, 1700 the area was struck with a staggering 9. 0 magnitude quake, and on December 14, 1872 Seattle was struck again with a 7. 3 magnitude quake. A few more semi-powerful quakes occurred between 1940 to the present day, however, fatalities were minimal. To predict the poten tial loss cause by another 9. earthquake hitting modern day Seattle, FEMA used â€Å"Hazus† (a computer program used by FEMA) and found that such an earthquake would cause billions of dollars of property damage, thousands of deaths and even more injuries to the population. The aftereffects of the earthquake would be equally devastating. The earthquake would trigger tsunamis form the surrounding water bodies, as well as fires and landslides. Effects such as these would be devastating and would take decades to repair. Seattle has hundreds of miles of waterfront surrounding the city.With such a large amount of water around the city, flooding is a major concern to the residents of Seattle. Although tidal flooding from the Puget Sound and Lake Washington is a concern, the real threat of flooding comes from the system of undeveloped creeks and river that run through the city. These floods most often occur in the fall and winter due to the increased rainfall. Thornton Creek in north west Seattle and Longfellow Creek in west Seattle are two creeks that are notorious for flooding during the winter months.Thornton Creek has caused major water damage urban areas that border the creek when it has flooded in 1967 and again in 2003. Another flood of importance occurred in 2006 when record rainfall caused flash floods that swept through the city during rush-hour. Although the floods in the Seattle are wide spread and intense, they cause few deaths. Landslides are another geological hazard that is common to the Seattle area. Landslides in Seattle can be caused by any number of factors, either natural or manmade. Landslides occur in areas that exhibit clay-sand contact or any other adverse soil and groundwater conditions.Seattle has a large database containing many of the landslides it has experienced since the 1800’s. Using this data, the city has compiled a list of areas that are the most prone to landslides, the list is as follows: Northwest Seattle * Burke-Gil man Trail * Inverness * Laurelhurst * Southwest Magnolia * Southwest Queen Anne * East Queen Anne * Northwest Queen Anne * North Capitol Hill * Lakeview Boulevard * Interlaken * Madrona * Rainier Avenue S. E. * West Beacon Hill (I-5) * West Marginal Way * Alki * Admiral Way * Beach Drive S. W. * 47th Avenue S. W. Seola Beach * Pigeon Point * Cheasty Boulevard S. Here is the corresponding map: The most notable series of landslides in recent history occurred in January of 1997. Over 100 landslides were reported throughout the Seattle area within several days and caused hundreds of thousands of dollars in damages. A study showed several factors that contributed to the incident. During the spring of 1997, the Seattle area experienced much more precipitation that usual. A cold spell in the spring caused ice crystals to form and melt in the soil, increasing its porosity.The several day of intense rainfall between late January and early March are what triggered the series subsequent landsl ides. Geologically economic activities Present day Seattle relies in its ports for economic growth, however, in the 1800’s coal was Seattle’s main export. Coal was discovered in the Seattle area in 1833. The development of the railroads in Washington spurred the growth of the coal market. At the time, locomotives primary fuel was coal, and coal required the use of the railways to be exported. The coal market continued to grow in Seattle. In 1918 Seattle was delivering 4. million tons to California each day. The coal market began to fail when locomotives started switching from coal to petroleum and natural gas. Coal mines began to shut down as the demand for coal diminished until the last active coal mine closed down on November 27, 2006. â€Å"Live-ability of Seattle† At a glance, Seattle seems as good as a place as any to live. However, there are several factors to consider for anyone looking to take up residence in the Seattle area. To the human perspective, h azardous geological incidents seem too far and few between to see as a threat.If one were to look at all of the geological disasters in the Seattle area on a geological timescale, they would see just how prone to disasters Seattle is. Approximately every five hundred years Seattle experiences a 9. 0 earthquake. Any seismic activity on that scale would also cause tsunamis to devastate the area. Seattle is also under the constant threat of MT. Rainier erupting and spawning a massive lahar that would destroy downtown Seattle. Seasonal floods are a major threat to the residents of the Seattle regardless of the lengths the city has gone to prevent flood damages.All of these geological hazards are especially dangerous due to the fact that Seattle is a large metropolitan area. With all this in mind, I consider Seattle a dangerous place to live. Bibliography * http://www. seattleweekly. com/2005-10-19/news/the-super-flood. php/ * â€Å"Geological Hazards In Seattle† by Donald W. Tubb s and Thomas Dunne * †Landslides In Seattle† by Donald W. Tubbs Prepared in cooperation with United States Geological Survey 1974 * â€Å"Coal In The Puget Sound Region† HistoryLink. org Essay 5158 * http://www. nps. gov/mora/faqs. htm

Physics of Formula One Free Essay Example, 4500 words

Ferrari made its debut on the F1 track on 21st May 1950 at Monaco Grand Prix3. Dynamics of the Car Besides piecing together the different parts of engine, the wheels etc. what is very crucial in making the body of a car is the aerodynamics features. How the car will behave if it comes across an air pocket makes an important consideration in designing the body of the car. For fast faced cars in particular, it becomes an important consideration. Therefore the aerodynamics and strength are a crucial consideration in fabricating the body of the car. Aerodynamics Aerodynamics is key for writing a success story in the F1 events. Therefore, sports bodies and car manufacturers spend millions of dollars towards looking for the latest type of body for the car which could help in gaining little more speed and balancing. The two key concerns of the aerodynamic designer are; The creation of downforce, to help push the cars tyres onto the track and improve cornering forces; and Minimizing the drag that gets caused by turbulence and acts to slow the car down. Thinking on these very lines in the recent past boutique electric-vehicle-maker from the Golden State, has come out with a new concept car named as, APTERA which resembles a small wingless aircraft running on three wheels. We will write a custom essay sample on Physics of Formula One or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Such experiments are bound to continue in near future as well because this car racing ‘industry’ has the potential of being a big money spinner. In addition the kind of satisfaction one gets from producing innovative models motivates the research and development team to go for more. Experiments of the wings for race cars started off during the late 1960s. The technology of aircraft wings and racing car wings were found to be similar. Air flows were allowed on the two sides of the wings which resulted in creation of difference in pressure. This difference in pressure is explained by Bernoulli’s principle. Bernoulli’s principle: This principle named after a famous Swiss scientist Daniel Bernoulli reminds us about the basic properties of air which is a gas and a fluid and the pressure is due to the motion of air particles. This principle explains how the wings of planes and helicopters are able to fly by producing lift. The air pressure which helps in the lift of the aircraft is because of the motion of air particles. Similar to the lift in aircrafts, the race cars make use of downforce to shoot off, with the help of small wings. A modern Formula One car is capable of developing 3.5g lateral cornering force (three and a half times its own weight) using the aerodynamic downforce.

Understanding The Brain s Physical Operation - 948 Words

Understanding the brain’s physical operation is essential to frame the relationship between brain and mind. The brain functions as a result of many complex processes; however, Jeeves and Brown narrow the brain’s activity into eight critical principles. These principles provide a background necessary to deduce insightful information from neuroscience’s current research of the correlation between our mental lives and brain systems. The first principle describes the PNS and CNS as action loops. An action loop is equivalent to what physiologists describe as a regulatory feedback loop. A feedback loop is composed of two nerve branches, an afferent (incoming) arm and an efferent (outgoing) arm. Monitoring the two arms of the feedback loop is an integrating center, which in most cases is the brain. Sensory information travels via the afferent arm to the integrating center (brain), where the stimulus is evaluated. After evaluation, the integrating center (brain) sends appropriate motor stimuli to specific tissues within the body. Thus, an organism is always sensing and responding to its local environment. From this principle, Jeeves and Brown suggest, â€Å"Subjective thought and cognition are derived from this action processing, including all the complex levels involved in modulating ongoing action† (Jeeves and Brown, 2009, p. 42). Hence, the first principle describes how humans constantly interact with the e nvironment around them. The second principle describes a nested hierarchy ofShow MoreRelatedAlzheimer s Disease : The Mysterious Tragedy Essay1565 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Alzheimer s Disease is a name that is not entirely uncommon. Alzheimer s is a disease that has only recently been classified as one, though it is not uncommon to mankind. 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